Early Modern History/ Contents

The Resident-General and the Federal Council

Yeo Kim Wah

From the establishment of the Federated Malay States (FMS) in 1896, its head in Kuala Lumpur, the Resident-General, was inclined to act in a quasi-independent manner. In 1909, the High Commissioner—the superior of the Resident-General (based in Singapore)—established a legislative body, the Federal Council, to give himself direct access to the FMS administration. In this way, the High Commissioner hoped to enhance efficiency in the federation, placate the rulers of the FMS, and offer European commercial interests a say in government.

  • Information in the full article includes
  • The Resident-General and the states
  • The Resident-General and the High Commissioner
  • Anderson's reforms

Frank Swettenham, the first Resident-General of the Federated Malay States (1896-1900), and later Governor-High commissioner (1901-3).