Civil wars and British intervention
The Pangkor treaty, which was signed on 20th January 1874 on Pulau Pangkor, was an attempt by the British authorities in Singapore to end the disputes in Perak both among the Malay chiefs and those between the rival Chinese secret societies.
In the l9th century, civil wars occurred in several Malay states because of the rapidly changing social order which accompanied the expansion in tin mining. Pressure on the Malay rulers to increase production to supply British trading companies in the Straits Settlements resulted in increased Chinese immigration to work the mines. It also greatly increased the revenue of the Malay rulers, resulting in squabbles among royal family members who hoped to succeed to the position of ruler.
- Information in the full article includes
- Tin mining
- Civil disturbances
- British intervention
- The sequel