Religions and Beliefs/ Contents

Islam before the 20th century

Saliha Hassan

Islamic scholars have played an important role in Malay society as leaders ever since the days of the Malay sultanates. British rule in the 19th century changed the course of Islamic history in the country. The colonial system of appointing Residents, first introduced in Perak, and later in other states, brought British policy-makers and administrators into the mainstream of socio-political life in the country. Islam came face to face with the forces of modernity and secularism.

  • Information in the full article includes
  • Early Muslim leaders and scholars
  • Islam under the British
  • Islam in the modern sultanates
Muhammad Arshad Al-Banjari

An artist's impression of Muhammad Arshad Al-Banjari (1710-1812), one of the early Muslim scholars.